Evaluation of Periodontal Status and Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels in Adult Cigarette Smokers

Authors

  • Fareeha Aleem HITEC-IMS Dental College HIT Taxila Cantt, Pakistan
  • Sunia Ghaffar HITEC-IMS Dental College HIT Taxila Cantt, Pakistan
  • Wajeeha Jabeen HITEC-IMS Dental College HIT Taxila Cantt, Pakistan
  • Sohaib Siddique HITEC-IMS Dental College HIT Taxila Cantt, Pakistan
  • Farhat Abbas Bhatti HITEC-IMS Dental College HIT Taxila Cantt, Pakistan
  • Jaweria Islam HITEC-IMS Dental College HIT Taxila Cantt, Pakistan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.32413/pjph.v13i4.1260

Keywords:

Adult smokers, periodontal status, serum CRP levels

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the periodontal status of adult smokers and assess their serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, hypothesizing an association between periodontal inflammation, smoking, and elevated serum CRP, a marker for cardiovascular diseases. The primary objective is to contribute to the assessment and prevention of potential cardiovascular diseases in adult smokers.

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at HIT Hospital and Dental Hospital HITEC-IMS Taxila Cantt over five months from October 20, 2021, to March 31, 2022, the study included 60 healthy male adult smokers and 20 healthy male non-smokers as a control. Basic periodontal examination involved the use of a periodontal probe, assessing parameters such as gingival index, bleeding on probing, oral pigmentation, presence of periodontal pockets, and gingival recession. Blood samples were collected to evaluate serum CRP levels.

Results: Smokers exhibited higher rates of gingival recession (38.3%), gingival pigmentation (43.3%), and periodontal pocket formation (33.3%) compared to the nonsmokers control group, with significant p-values of 0.040 in gingival recession and 0.035 in the presence of periodontal pockets. Serum CRP levels were significantly elevated in adult smokers, with a significant p-value of 0.024.

Conclusion: The study concluded that adult smokers show signs of periodontitis, and their serum CRP levels are elevated. Assessing periodontal status and serum CRP in adult smokers may aid in risk assessment and reducing the likelihood of developing future cardiovascular diseases.

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Published

28-12-2023

How to Cite

1.
Aleem F, Ghaffar S, Jabeen W, Siddique S, Bhatti FA, Islam J. Evaluation of Periodontal Status and Serum C-Reactive Protein Levels in Adult Cigarette Smokers. Pak J Public Health [Internet]. 2023 Dec. 28 [cited 2024 Sep. 14];13(4):176-9. Available from: https://pjph.org/pjph/article/view/1260