Comparison of Social determinants and Evaluation of Disease Management of diabetic patients attending Rahman Medical Institute and Nahaki Emergency Satellite Hospital, Peshawar

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mainly depends on social determinants of health. Addressing the social determinants, and attitude toward disease management is an important step toward the prognosis, and control of diabetes. The objective of the study was to determine the contributing role of social Determinants in diabetes development and evaluation of diabetes parameters affecting the prognosis and management among the diabetic patients of NESH and RMI.

Methods: This was comparative hospital based case control study carried out from the duration of March to December 2016. A total 174 patients, 87 diabetics and 87 non diabetics were included in the study. After taking written consent, a predesigned questionnaire was filled from each patient. Data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 16.

Results: A total 174 study subjects, 87 diabetic (Cases) and non-diabetic (control) each from two different hospitals with equal distribution were included in the study. Out of 174 study subjects 59 (34%) were male and 115 (66%) were female. A significant difference was observed in weight and BMI p<0.05 of these two groups case and control. There found no significant difference among diabetics and non-diabetes in reference to their social determinants like gender p=0.1683, education p=0.4358 and income p= 0.4672, however a significant difference between these two groups were observed in marital status p=0.0001. It was found that significant difference was observed in decrease of vision (p=<0.001) and Ischemic necrosis of toes and finger (p=0.007) among diabetics patients of both hospital.

Conclusion: The social determinants (age, gender, area, profession etc), carbohydrate and fat intake were not significantly different between diabetics and non-diabetics group. The significantly higher proportion of diabetic’s patients of rural hospital were found with decrease of vision and ischemic

necrosis of toes and fingers educational intervention regarding diabetes management is needed in rural areas of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.